iiiEM Blog

Quotation

Practical export-import articles from the iiiEM expert team.

Incoterms and Freight Forwarders: Who Books, Pays and Gets the Bill of Lading?

Incoterms and Freight Forwarders: Who Books, Pays and Gets the Bill of Lading? When goods cross borders, the buyer and seller need to agree who arranges transport, who pays for it, and where responsibility changes. Incoterms® help define these responsibilities. A freight forwarder helps arrange and coordinate transport, while the carrier—such as a shipping line… Read More »

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How Exporters Can Build Flexibility into Quotations and Contracts

How Exporters Can Build Flexibility into Quotations and Contracts A quotation that looks profitable today can become a loss-making order tomorrow. Exchange rates may move, freight charges may rise, raw material prices may change, or a shipment may be delayed. For exporters, flexibility in pricing and contracts helps manage these changes while keeping expectations clear… Read More »

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